Module 2 Knowledge Check

Module 2 Knowledge Check

Question 1 – 4 pts

Scenario 1: Myocardial Infarction

Chief Complaint: “I woke up this morning at 6 a.m. with numbness in my left arm and pain in my chest. It feels tight right here (mid-sternal).” “My dad had a heart attack when he was 56-years-old and I am scared because I am 56-years-old.”

Patient Information: A 56-year-old Caucasian male arrives at Express Hospital Emergency Department with chest pain radiating down his left arm. He mentions that it began this morning and has worsened, pointing to the mid-sternal area. He describes the pain as feeling like an elephant is sitting on his chest and mentions difficulty breathing, rating the pain at 9/10. The pain hasn’t improved or worsened with any actions. He has no history of prior chest pain, nausea, or lightheadedness. He took one sublingual 0.4 mg tablet of nitroglycerin, which reduced the pain to 7/10.

Lipid Panel Results: Total Cholesterol 424 mg/dl, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) 26 mg/dl, Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) 166 mg/dl, Triglycerides 702 mg/dl, Very Low-Density Lipoprotein (VLDL) 64 mg/dl

Diagnosis: Acute inferior wall myocardial infarction.

Question:

Which type of cholesterol is considered “good” cholesterol, and what is its role?

Flag question: Question 2 Module 2 Knowledge Check

Module 2 Knowledge Check Question 2 – 4 pts

Scenario 1: Myocardial Infarction

Chief Complaint: “I woke up this morning at 6 a.m. with numbness in my left arm and pain in my chest. It feels tight right here (mid-sternal).” “My dad had a heart attack when he was 56-years-old and I am scared because I am 56-years-old.”

Patient Information: A 56-year-old Caucasian male arrives at Express Hospital Emergency Department with chest pain radiating down his left arm. He mentions that it began this morning and has worsened, pointing to the mid-sternal area. He describes the pain as feeling like an elephant is sitting on his chest and mentions difficulty breathing, rating the pain at 9/10. The pain hasn’t improved or worsened with any actions. He has no history of prior chest pain, nausea, or lightheadedness. He took one sublingual 0.4 mg tablet of nitroglycerin, which reduced the pain to 7/10.

Lipid Panel Results: Total Cholesterol 424 mg/dl, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) 26 mg/dl, Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) 166 mg/dl, Triglycerides 702 mg/dl, Very Low-Density Lipoprotein (VLDL) 64 mg/dl

Diagnosis: Acute inferior wall myocardial infarction.

Question:

1. How does inflammation contribute to the development of atherosclerosis?

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Flag question: Question 3 Module 2 Knowledge Check

Module 2 Knowledge Check Question 3 – 4 pts

Scenario 2: Pleural Friction Rub

A 35-year-old female with a history of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) visits the Emergency Room (ER) with complaints of sharp retrosternal chest pain worsened by deep breathing or lying down. She reports having a low-grade fever, listlessness, and flu-like symptoms for the past 5 days. Physical examination reveals tachycardia and a pleural friction rub. She is diagnosed with acute pericarditis.

Question:

1. What does the Advanced Practitioner Registered Nurse recognize due to the presence of a pleural friction rub?

Flag question: Question 4

Question 4 – 4 pts

Scenario 4: Deep Venous Thrombosis (DVT)

An 81-year-old obese female patient, 48 hours post-op from a left total hip replacement, experiences severe nausea and vomiting, preventing her from attending physical therapy. She reports dry mucus membranes and tightness in her left leg. Examination reveals a swollen, tense, and red-colored calf. A duplex ultrasound confirms the presence of a deep venous thrombosis (DVT).

Question:

1. Considering the patient’s history, explain what factors contributed to the development of a deep venous thrombosis (DVT).

Flag question: Question 5

Module 2 Knowledge Check Question 5 – 4 pts

Scenario 5: COPD

A 66-year-old female with a 50 pack/year history of cigarette smoking had a CT scan and was diagnosed with emphysema. She asks if this means she has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Question:

1. Explain the pathophysiology of emphysema and its relationship to COPD.